Posts Tagged ‘Underarms’
Sympathectomy Hyperhidrosis
Hyperhidrosis is a medical condition characterized by excessive sweating. Excessive sweating can occur in the hands (palmar hyperhidrosis), underarms (axillary hyperhidrosis), feet (plantar hyperhidrosis) or face (facial hyperhidrosis). Although its exact cause is still unknown, most medical professionals believe that it is caused by the hyperactivity of the sympathetic nerve chains. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for involuntary bodily functions and one of which, is the production of sweat, which is essential in regulating body temperature.
Hyperhidrosis is often a distressing, socially debilitating condition, affecting a small but significant proportion of the world population. While symptoms usually begin during adolescence, it can also occur in other age groups.
Treatment options given to patients who suffer from hyperhidrosis usually depend on the severity of their case and which body area is affected. Non-surgical treatments such as oral medications, anti-perspirants, ointments, botox injections and iontophoresis, are the usual initial options given to patients. When none of those treatments prove beneficial or effective, there are also surgical treatments available to patients seeking more permanent results.
In the past, surgical procedures done for hyperhidrosis cases usually involve a painful incision either at the chest, back or neck (e.g. upper thoracic sympathectomy). Most often than not, these highly invasive procedures result to complications such as brachial plexus, phrenic nerve injury, or Horner’s Syndrome, a condition that can cause dropping of the upper eyelids and eye dryness. In rare cases, excessive bleeding may likewise happen. Due to recent technological advances, minimally invasive surgical methods, such as thoracoscopic sympathectomy or otherwise known as endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS), were made possible.
ETS is a surgical procedure that intends to interrupt sympathetic nerve impulses sent to the sweat glands and prevent localized excessive sweating (usually in the hands and face). While the patient is under general anesthesia, a 5-mm. endoscope is inserted into a small incision made below the underarm to identify the second through fourth ganglia. The identified branches to the main sympathetic chain at each level are divided before the main chain is removed. The same procedure is done on the patient’s other side, which is crucial in preventing symptoms from recurring years later.
ETS is most effective in treating excessive hand and facial sweating, with a success rate of more than 98%. It also gives additional relief to excessive feet sweating. While it is a highly effective procedure with permanent results, it has very minimal complication rate. Incident of Horner’s Syndrome for instance, is about less than 1%.
As with most surgical procedures, ETS also has some side effects and the most common of which is compensatory sweating. Compensatory sweating occurs in about 50% of ETS patients. Also, there are reported cases of small pneumothorax after the operation, but in this case, no medical intervention is required and patients can usually go home after 24 hours.
While ETS is generally safe and a highly effective method in treating hyperhidrosis cases, it is still best for patients to look only for experienced, highly competent and certified surgeons for excellent and long-term results.
Hyperhidrosis Causes
Most of us experience sweating in the palms, feet and armpits. Producing sweat is almost a part of our daily lives. We treat this phenomenon as normal, sometimes unaware of the times that we produce excessive amounts of sweat. This is the primary symptom of hyperhidrosis. It is usually characterized by producing perspiration greater than the amount the body needed for thermal regulation. At first, we tend to disregard it, until we start feeling sticky in the armpits and our palms stay wet even while at rest. Soon, this uncomfortable condition begins to intrude into and affect your social life. It is probably the right time you knew more about excessive sweating or hyperhidrosis.
According to some studies, 3% of the total population suffers from hyperhidrosis. Most sufferers notice excessive sweating on specific parts of the body such as the underarms (axillary hyperhidrosis), face (facial hyperhidrosis) and feet (planar hyperhidrosis). As you see, sweating on these parts of the body is very common to most of us. We tend to be blind and treat this as normal, not knowing that it is already a symptom of hyperhidrosis. It is not widely known that such a disorder is a very serious medical condition that requires proper diagnosis and treatment.
Hyperhidrosis occurs when there is an abnormal response from the sweat nerves. A part of the brain called hypothalamus is responsible in sending the sensory signals to the sweat nerves. The hypothalamus is located in the chest cavity. The sweat nerves, as a part of the sympathetic nervous system, in turn throws signals to the sweat glands which results to producing sweat. When the signals violate the sending and response process, hyperhidrosis occurs. The sweat glands begin to produce excessive amount of sweats, and this liquid will seek outlets on your underarms, face, palms and feet, resulting to unwanted perspiration in such parts of our body.
We cannot purely blame all this to the uneven responses of our sweat nerves, however. There are a lot of factors contributing to why we perspire so much. By doing intense jobs and heavy activities such as vigorous exercise, we can expel extra liquid in our body. Our emotions can also trigger to generate sweat. Sweating stabilizes the corporal body temperature, especially when doing such activities.
Our skin glands are also the primary factor why hyperhidrosis occurs. Our skin has two kinds of glands: the apocrines and the eccrines. The apocrines do not contribute much in the regultation of body temperature. Basically, these glands can be found in the hair follicle and are not involved in the process of hyperhidrosis. The gland eccrines, on the other hand, is the major contributor for the hyperhidrosis. The increased secretion of the gland eccrines is the cause of such abnormalities. Eccrines are more concentrated in parts of the body such as the armpits, feet, palms, and are very important in regulating the body temperature.
Hyperhidrosis can be primary or secondary. Primary Hyperhidrosis has no specific origin. This is the most common type of hyperhidrosis and is attributed to a genetic factor. Everybody has the tendency to acquire primary hyperhidrosis, and this commonly manifests during the earlier stages of the person’s life. Secondary hyperhidrosis, on the other hand, is an acquired disorder due to an associated cause such as obesity, menopause and the use of antidepressive drugs.
Other factors such excess taking of drugs can cause sweating. Intakes of aspirin and acetaminophen, morphine, excess of the thyroid hormones, lack of feminine hormones during menopausal stage, testosterone deficit for men, and low rate of sugar in the blood can incite hyperhidrosis.
Excessive Sweating Remedies
Shaving. One of the most bothersome effects of excessive sweating is body odor. The smell increases because of the presence of hair in the armpits. Sweat accumulates and dries up around the hair, magnifying the odor that emitted by the body. But where does the strong stench come from? The strong odor is due to the release of toxins by bacteria. The bacteria are there because the conditions in a sweaty armpit encourage its multiplication. By removing the hair in the armpits with the use of a razor, one effectively controls excessive sweating and significantly reduces his chance at body odor. The underarms will also feel less sticky and more comfortable. When used with other methods, shaving gives great relief from excessive sweating.
Personal Hygiene and Showering. Taking a bath at least once a day can help one in the reduction of excessive sweating and bad odor. People with hyperhidrosis, or people who suffer from an abnormally increased perspiration beyond the required for body thermoregulation, may need to take a bath at least three to four times in a day. In addition, sufferers who also don’t shave their armpit hairs choose to take bath more than once a day to combat bad odor. With the use of a good antibacterial soap, one can also prevent the growth of bacteria around the body and reduce body odor. Choosing the right antibacterial soap is simply a matter of preference – just make sure to use fresh water and dry yourself with a clean cloth. For sufferers, it’s advisable to use a clean and fresh towel after every shower.
Use Natural Fibers. The material we use for our clothes can contribute to the smells we emit. For individuals suffering from excessive sweating, natural fibers like linen, cotton and wool is advisable. These natural fibers allow the flow of air and helps in the evaporation process, thus helping to control sweating. Tight clothing, especially skin tight ones, can make one sweat more is not advisable for those suffering from excessive sweating. It would also help to provide sufficient space surrounding the armpit area to allow good air circulation. Clothes made of polyester and other synthetic fibers can block the free flow of air and increase perspiration, so individuals suffering from excessive sweating should avoid them.
Drinking Water. Aside from preventing possible dehydration, water can replace what the body loses through excessive sweating. As one sweats, water and other essential minerals are lost from the body and must be replenished. Drinking more water will keep toxin levels at much lower levels, giving bacteria less tendency to thrive. To get an idea if you’re drinking enough water, check your urine. If your urine is colorless and odorless on a continual basis, then it means your water consumption levels are ideal.
Using Baking Soda. Baking soda can function as a natural underarm perspiration protection. It acts as a deodorant, but is much less likely to cause less irritation or allergies to sensitive skin than commercial deodorants. It is a great moisture absorber and can suppress bad odor. It is important to note that the use of baking soda is only applicable over an armpit that is dry and shaved, so the first tip in this article still has to come into play.
These days we prefer natural remedies over chemicals or drugs. This is very ideal to those people who wish to control underarm sweating without taking chances with products with funny-sounding ingredients. If the natural remedies mentioned do not solve the problem effectively enough, they may be used together with other methods available to control excessive underarm sweating.
How to Stop Excessive Sweating
Wet armpits are, without a doubt, very uncomfortable. Excessive underarm sweating is also known as axillary hyperhidrosis. This embarrassing condition often results in bad odor and wetness. So does sweaty feet – it’s hard to concentrate on much else when your toes are moving in muck. Handshakes aren’t as congenial with wet palms. People suffering from excessive sweating, no matter their age, prefer to avoid any form of social contact for fear of embarrassing themselves. They work alone, keep hands in their pockets, stay home on weekends – anything to keep anyone from learning of their condition.
Excessive sweating – that is, producing more perspiration than the normal amount usually secreted by the body – affects people of all ages, though it is often more often found in adolescents and young adults. At this stage, one might experience sweaty palms, feet and underarms. Whichever part of the body the condition hits, it usually stays with the individual for the rest of his life unless treated through medical or surgical means.
Most likely, an individual’s profession contributes to excessive sweating. Sufferers of such disorders are people who experience constant anxiety and tension. Those who suffer from facial and underarm sweating at night most likely work in front of an audience most of the time, such as speakers and musicians. No profession is exempted from excessive sweating, but jobs like models, TV personalities, chefs, executives, attorneys, and salesman are at highest risk.
Several surgical procedures can free individuals from such turmoil, as well as other treatments as botox injections, iontophoresis. or drysol. The downside to these treatments is that they might cause permanent physiological damage to an individual.
Individuals may seek help from dermatologists and other skin care professionals qualified to treat excessive sweating. Treatment may involve surgical procedures, such as sweating surgery, thoracic surgery procedure, and surgery for sweaty hands. These surgical procedures may leave scars and blemishes in the treated parts of the skin due to the some reaction to the medicine, but these will heal in time.
Removing the overactive sweat glands in the body may cure excessive sweating. Surgery must only be performed by a qualified doctor.
Recently, studies show that nerve nodes in the thorax are responsible for the innervations of the sweat glands in the upper limbs and the face, in turn causing the excessive sweating. To control this, a micro-invasive surgical technique has been developed as an effective surgical treatment to access the nerve nodes in the thorax. This treatment is known as Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy (ETS), a surgical technique that interrupts the sympathetic chain. This treatment aims to reduce, if not eliminate, excessive sweating in particular areas of the body such as hands, feet, and face. The procedure, supervised by a board eligible anesthesiologist, may last up to 30 minutes.
When you think you’re suffering from excessive sweating, it’s often best to consult a dermatologist as early as possible. Excessive sweating may have a tendency to worsen over time, and dermatologists are equipped with the knowledge to ascertain the severity of the medical condition, as well as the equipment needed to treat it.
Axillary Hyperhidrosis
Axillary hyperhidrosis involves profuse and tremendous perspiration of the underarms. This condition is usually accompanied by constant bad body odor that is typically resistant to commercially available deodorants and antiperspirants. Axillary hyperhidrosis poses a social and psychological risk in addition to the physical discomfort it causes.
Axillary sweating may occur by itself or in combination with any or all of the different kinds of hyperhidrosis disorders, such as in the palms, feet, or face. People afflicted by this disorder are discouraged from wearing particular clothes, materials and colors because the sweat leads to staining and deterioration of the fabric.
Profuse armpit perspiration can turn out to be an exasperating dilemma for those suffering from this condition. Axillary hyperhidrosis manifests itself through increased armpit sweat production and this is prompted by the sympathetic nervous system. A malfunction in the nerves controlling underarm sweat glands results in excessive sweat production. Axillary hyperhidrosis is at times triggered by external factors such as anxiety, psychological stress and tiredness. However, this is not a rule and there are still no evidently identified stimuli that set off unwarranted armpit perspiration.
Individuals suffering from axillary hyperhidrosis sometimes result to wearing clothes in layers, such as donning a jacket over a shirt. This way, the individual may conceal his shirt in case axillary hyperhidrosis kicks in at a bad time. It’s not uncommon for sufferers to have to change their upper garments two or three times a day, sometimes even more, due to the persistent sweating condition. Women suffering form axillary hyperhidrosis also shun garments made of delicate fabrics such as silk, since sweat marks tend to be very noticeable in such fabrics. Whatever the occasion, axillary hyperhidrosis is a cause for embarrassment for the sufferer, and may make him/her less socially secure.
This condition frequently starts during teenage years. There are, however, some cases that occur before puberty. Kids with axillary hyperhidrosis are at risk of social withdrawal at a very early age, as the other kids may find their condition a tempting target for teasing. The teasing often triggers a vicious cycle that intensifies the anxiety endured by kids during this phase, leading to a feeling of hopelessness. The idea that there is no answer to or escape from their embarrassing medical condition may lead to withdrawal and isolation, making recovery even more difficult.
People with axillary hyperhidrosis sometimes do not have the strength to open up and discuss their condition even with their own family. This is because they think that they are the only ones afflicted by this disorder. There have been instances when parents only learn about their children’s suffering after the condition has been hampering their social lives for a number of years. It’s advisable to seek professional help immediately when parents detect a lack of social interaction, grief, and low self-esteem in their child.
Treatment of hyperhidrosis often entails correcting the malfunction of the sympathetic nervous system. Surgery to remove overactive sweat glands may also be the solution. Dermatologists are well-equipped to ascertain the most suitable treatments for axillary hyperhidrosis, as well as administering such treatments.
Excessive Underarm Sweating
Excessive underarm sweating, or known in medical literature as primary axillary hyperhidrosis is one of the most common types of hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating).
Sweating is a natural response of the body to regulate its internal temperature. Sweating happens when the body is exposed to a warm environment, when one is engaged in physical activity, and when anxious or stressed. But excessive sweating for no apparent reason can be embarrassing. In the case of axillary hyperhidrosis, underarm sweat leaves a visible stain on clothes, and often, the underarms are damp and sticky.
There are two types of glands found in the armpit area – the apocrine and eccrine glands. Of the two, the eccrine glands are the ones mostly responsible for producing underarm sweat. Numerous eccrine glands are also found in the entire body, which likewise cause perspiration when the glands are stimulated. Whenever the eccrine glands are stimulated to produce sweat, body cells secrete a fluid that travels the coiled portion of the gland up through the straight duct before it breaks out onto the skin surface.
If you suffer from excessive underarm sweating, a dermatologist can best diagnose the severity of your condition. Be ready to discuss with your dermatologist your medical background, your family’s medical history, and when you first experienced severe underarm sweating. Don’t hesitate to tell your dermatologist how your condition affects you. The extent to which severe hyperhidrosis is affecting your normal day-to-day activities can be measured through a self-assessment questionnaire called Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS). Your honest self-assessment report should help your doctor determine the best options available for you.
In most cases, excessive underarm sweating can be effectively managed by using topical agents such as deodorants and antiperspirants. Deodorants act to control bad odor, while antiperspirants slow down the production of sweat by the glands in the armpit area.
The most common active ingredient in anti-perspirants (and deodorants) is aluminum chloride. According to Dr. Eric Hanson of the University of North Carolina’s Department of Dermatology, the aluminum ions (from antiperspirants) are absorbed by the cell linings of the eccrine gland ducts found at the opening of the top skin layer (epidermis). These ions are drawn into the cell along with water until it swells, squeezing the ducts closed such that sweat can’t pass out. A cell can only absorb so much fluid, or until it reaches its equilibrium. At this time, the water will have to revert back out of the cell through a process called osmosis, and swelling will subside. When this happens, anti-perspirants may be re-applied.
As a point of reference, over-the-counter antiperspirants usually have 10 to 25% concentration of the active ingredient (aluminum chloride). While the FDA requires no more than 15 to 25% of the active ingredient in antiperspirants, it should decrease sweating by at least 20%. Obviously, no prescription topical agents or antiperspirants are available in the market that has a higher percentage of concentration of the active ingredient than that allowed by the FDA. It is still best to discuss other alternative treatments available with your doctor if over-the-counter antiperspirants prove ineffective for you.
Some people who excessively sweat may need higher concentrations of aluminum chloride to prolong the swelling of the cells and eventually shrink the sweat glands so that they don’t produce sweat than is really necessary.


